The History of Sámi Jewelry

Peoples

The Sámi are a diverse group of people indigenous to northern parts of Finland, Norway, Sweden and Russia. They first established communities in these areas, collectively known as the Sápmi, shortly after the beginning of the Common Era. There are eleven mother languages spoken throughout the Sápmi, as well as the native languages of the four countries they inhabit. Their main trades continue to be fishing and reindeer herding, although modern-day Sámi descendants live a blended life of current and traditional practices.

Duodji

One of the many commonalities between the different groups of Sámi peoples is their love for crafting, known as duodji. Many traditions of craftsmanship, such as pewter embroidery, pearl embroidery, weaving shoelaces, sewing jacket seams, wood carving, and knife making, have been passed down and maintained. Duodji tools, clothing and accessories often focus on functionality, but are also decorative and feature a variety of artistic adornments.

The most well-known duodji is the practice of pewter embroidery which uses metal thread that is almost exclusively produced by the Sámi. Pewter thread embroidery dates back to as early as the 1600's, evidenced by preserved Sámi textiles. Often used to decorate gátki, a traditional piece of Sámi clothing, coiled metal threads are sewn in decorative patterns that can signify a person's marital status and origins. In more recent times, the Sámi have expanded their creative abilities to include jewelry and other decorative items. Embroidered bracelets remain a popular choice, although modern versions often feature manmade materials instead of the traditional reindeer leather.