Jet Meaning and Properties
Jet History
Jet is a velvety, black-colored gemstone that is a type of lignite. This jet black gem was used in Britain as far back as the Neolithic period, when it was made into beads for personal adornment. The Romans used jet for rings, hair embellishment, pendants and other forms of jewelry. Popular use of this stone died out until the Victorian era, though it was still occasionally used. Jet was often used in mourning jewelry that was worn in remembrance of a dearly departed family member or friend. Queen Victoria wore a specific, fine-quality jet called Whitby jet as part of her mourning dress after Prince Albert's passing. Whitby jet was also used in a jewelry set for Queen Elizabeth II's 80th birthday. When the demand for this jet spiked, it resulted in the cliffside of Whitby, England to nearly collapse. Mining for this particular variety of jet became illegal in an attempt to preserve what was left of the cliffs. Today, jet is valued for its beautiful luster and is seen alongside even the most expensive gems in jewelry, including diamonds.
What are the Metaphysical Properties of Jet?
The Romans viewed jet as a magical gemstone that was often used in amulets to protect the wearer. It was believed this black stone could deflect the evil eye. The Roman author and naturalist Pliny the Elder claimed jet could drive away snakes. Jet is not a birthstone, but jet meaning is associated with the astrological sign of Capricorn. Jet affects the root chakra associated with the grounding of oneself. According to metaphysical beliefs, jet can help the wearer to break negative behavioral patterns. Jet meaning is also associated with good luck and clarity during trials and tribulations.
What is Jet Made From?
The gemstone known as jet is a mineraloid and type of lignite that takes a beautiful polish. Jet is derived from decaying wood that undergoes extreme pressure and heat. The wood then becomes fossilized as a compact black material. Fine-quality jet was mined in Whitby, England, though jet has also been found in Spain, France, Russia, Poland, India, Turkey, China, Germany, Cambodia and the United States.
- Mineral Information: Fossilized and compacted wood
- Chemical Composition: Variable, but rich in carbon
- Color: Black or brownish black
- Hardness: 2-1/2 to 4 (Mohs)
- Specific Gravity: 1.30 – 1.34
- Refractive Index: 1.66
How Do You Clean Jet?
Jet is lightweight, making it ideal for embellishing jewelry designs without adding weight, but it can be brittle, with a Mohs hardness ranging from 2-1/2 to 4. For this reason, jet is best suited for jewelry designs such as pendants and earrings rather than bracelets, where the stone can accidentally be subjected to regular impact. Remove jet jewelry before engaging in sports or physical activity that could result in the stones becoming damaged. To clean jet beads or jewelry do not use an ultrasonic machine or steam. Jet can be washed with warm soapy water and a soft brush. A small amount of mineral oil can be used to restore shine.
Jet FAQ
Q: Is jet always black?
A: Jet is usually black, but it can be dark brown as well.
Q: How can I tell genuine jet from imitations or plastics?
A: Both glass and plastic imitation jet exists. Glass will feel much colder to the touch than true jet. Jet is also triboelectric, meaning it generates an electric charge when rubbed. To distinguish between jet and plastic, tap the stones together. Jet will make a dull sound, whereas plastic will give a sharp click. Also, jet will leave a dark streak, and plastic will leave none.
Q: Are jet gemstones precious or semi-precious gemstones?
A: Jet is considered a semi-precious gemstone.
Q: How does jet differ from other black gemstones like onyx or obsidian?
A: Although all there are many glossy black gemstones, there are some differences that set jet apart:
Jet – mineraloid with a Mohs hardness of 2-1/2 to 4; noticeably lightweight; feels warm to the touch; may flake or splinter like wood
Obsidian – mineral with a Mohs hardness of 5 to 5-1/2; feels cool and much heavier than jet with a glassy sheen; will have sharp edges if it breaks; is a form of volcanic glass
Onyx – mineral with a Mohs hardness of 6-1/2 to 7; feels cool and heavier than jet, with a softer shine and lighter weight than obsidian; will not have sharp edges if it breaks
Black Spinel – mineral with a Mohs hardness of 8; can look almost metallic; feels cool to the touch and heavier than obsidian and onyx
Black Tourmaline – mineral with a Mohs hardness of 7 to 7-1/2; may be slightly magnetic; heavier than jet; may have striping; feels cool and heavy
Blackstone – generic name for moderately glossy black stones, including both natural and dyed stones; properties will vary
Hemalyke™ – synthetic imitation of hematite; Mohs hardness of 5-1/2 to 6-1/2; shiny, metallic and strongly magnetic
Lava Rock – appears pockmarked and porous; matte instead of glossy; like jet, it is lightweight and warm to the touch; Mohs hardness of 3 to 3-1/2
Magnesite – black color is dyed; Mohs hardness of 3-1/2 to 4-1/2; dull, matte shine with a uniform color; warm to touch; lightweight, but heavier than jet
Star Diopside – mineral with a Mohs hardness of 5 to 6; tends to have a watery to dull sheen; cool to the touch with a greenish tint
Designing with Jet
Jet is an ideal addition to feminine, masculine and unisex jewelry. Black has been fashion's staple color for a reason. It's smart, sophisticated and goes with literally everything. Alongside red gems such as coral or ruby, jet creates a sultry vibe. Pair jet with silver metal tones and gemstones like marcasite for chic evening jewelry. Black jet can do it all, from providing a neutral base to dramatic accents.
A Couple Design Inspirations to Get You Started
Shop for Jet
**Please note that all metaphysical or healing properties listed are collected from various sources. This information is offered as a service and not meant to treat medical conditions. Fire Mountain Gems and Beads® does not guarantee the validity of any of these statements.
How did you like this resource? Your feedback helps us provide resources that matter to you most.
Copyright Permissions
All works of authorship (articles, videos, tutorials and other creative works) are from the Fire Mountain Gems and Beads® Collection, and permission to copy is granted for non-commercial educational purposes only. All other reproduction requires written permission. For more information, please email copyrightpermission@firemtn.com.